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1.
Zinc supplementation decreased incidence of grade ≥2 hand-foot skin reaction induced by regorafenib: A phase II randomized clinical trial.
Huang, WK, Hsu, HC, Yang, TS, Lu, CW, Pan, YR, Wu, CE, Chung, WH, Hung, SI, Yeh, CN
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2024;(2):368-369
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2.
Zinc supplementation decreased incidence of grade ≥2 hand-foot skin reaction induced by regorafenib: A phase II randomized clinical trial.
Huang, WK, Hsu, HC, Yang, TS, Lu, CW, Pan, YR, Wu, CE, Chung, WH, Hung, SI, Yeh, CN
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990). 2023;:113286
Abstract
To the editor: Hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), characterized by skin abnormalities on palmoplantar surfaces, has an overall incidence of about 35% upon vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs) treatment.1 Zinc, which plays a role in maintaining skin health, may be implicated in the pathogenesis of HFSR.2 Zinc deficiency has been shown to associate with dermatological toxicities of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-TKI.3, 4 Regorafenib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor targeting VEGFR 1-3, PDGFR, cKIT, BRAF, and RET1, is approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) but commonly causes HFSR.5 This phase II randomized trial aimed to investigate whether zinc supplementation can reduce the severity of HFSR induced by regorafenib within the first 8 weeks of treatment (NCT03898102).
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3.
Long-term effectiveness of an mHealth-tailored physical activity intervention in youth with congenital heart disease: A randomized controlled trial.
Lin, PJ, Fanjiang, YY, Wang, JK, Lu, CW, Lin, KC, Cheong, IM, Pan, KY, Chen, CW
Journal of advanced nursing. 2021;(8):3494-3506
Abstract
AIMS: To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of the Care & Organize Our Lifestyle (COOL) programme, a self-regulation theory-based mHealth programme, on improving disease knowledge and physical activity in youth with congenital heart disease (CHD). DESIGN A three-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial. METHODS A total 143 participants with simple and moderate CHD aged 15-24 years were recruited from June 2016 to February 2018. The 12-month programme compared two active intervention groups to a standard-care control group (n = 47). Participants in one active intervention group (n = 49) were provided with COOL Passport, a mobile healthcare application. Those in the other group (n = 47) were provided with access to the Health Promotion Cloud system and use of game-based interactive platforms along with COOL Passport. Outcomes were the Leuven Knowledge Questionnaire for Congenital Heart Disease and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Taiwan Show-Card Version. RESULTS After 12 months, 103 participants remained; the overall attrition rate was 28%. No significant differences were observed between the groups in any domain of disease knowledge after 6 months or 1 year. Neither active group exhibited significantly greater physical activity intensity than the standard-care control group in any month during the 1 year. CONCLUSION The mHealth-tailored intervention of the COOL programme did not improve disease knowledge or physical activity in young adults with CHD. IMPACT The application of the COOL Passport and Health Promotion Cloud system and use of game-based interactive platforms must be modified and verified in future studies and may have clinical potential. TRIAL REGISTRATION The registry of clinical trials was ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04264650.
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Characterization of Clostridioides difficile DSM 101085 with A-B-CDT+ Phenotype from a Late Recurrent Colonization.
Riedel, T, Neumann-Schaal, M, Wittmann, J, Schober, I, Hofmann, JD, Lu, CW, Dannheim, A, Zimmermann, O, Lochner, M, Groß, U, et al
Genome biology and evolution. 2020;(5):566-577
Abstract
During the last decades, hypervirulent strains of Clostridioides difficile with frequent disease recurrence and increased mortality appeared. Clostridioides difficile DSM 101085 was isolated from a patient who suffered from several recurrent infections and colonizations, likely contributing to a fatal outcome. Analysis of the toxin repertoire revealed the presence of a complete binary toxin locus and an atypical pathogenicity locus consisting of only a tcdA pseudogene and a disrupted tcdC gene sequence. The pathogenicity locus shows upstream a transposon and has been subject to homologous recombination or lateral gene transfer events. Matching the results of the genome analysis, neither TcdA nor TcdB production but the expression of cdtA and cdtB was detected. This highlights a potential role of the binary toxin C. difficile toxin in this recurrent colonization and possibly further in a host-dependent virulence. Compared with the C. difficile metabolic model strains DSM 28645 (630Δerm) and DSM 27147 (R20291), strain DSM 101085 showed a specific metabolic profile, featuring changes in the threonine degradation pathways and alterations in the central carbon metabolism. Moreover, products originating from Stickland pathways processing leucine, aromatic amino acids, and methionine were more abundant in strain DSM 101085, indicating a more efficient use of these substrates. The particular characteristics of strain C. difficile DSM 101085 may represent an adaptation to a low-protein diet in a patient with recurrent infections.
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5.
Gender Differences with Dose⁻Response Relationship between Serum Selenium Levels and Metabolic Syndrome-A Case-Control Study.
Lu, CW, Chang, HH, Yang, KC, Chiang, CH, Yao, CA, Huang, KC
Nutrients. 2019;11(2)
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Selenium (Se) is an antioxidative micronutrient that activates Se-containing proteins known as selenoproteins. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between serum Se level and metabolic syndrome including each metabolic factor. A secondary aim was to find a correlation between obesity, insulin resistance, and gender. The study is a case control study based on the comparison of Se levels between patients with and without metabolic syndrome. The study enrolled a total of 1165 ambulatory males or females, aged more than 40 years. Results showed a positive association between serum Se level and the risk of metabolic syndrome. Also, the serum Se concentration was positively associated with a number of metabolic factors following a dose–response relationship. Authors conclude that gender stratification analyses clearly highlighted the gender differences in insulin resistance, adiposity, and lipid metabolism.
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the association between selenium and metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to explore the associations between the serum selenium level and metabolic syndrome as well as examining each metabolic factor. In this case-control study, the participants were 1165 adults aged ≥40 (65.8 ± 10.0) years. Serum selenium was measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The associations between serum selenium and metabolic syndrome were examined by multivariate logistic regression analyses. The least square means were computed by general linear models to compare the serum selenium levels in relation to the number of metabolic factors. The mean serum selenium concentration was 96.34 ± 25.90 μg/L, and it was positively correlated with waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glucose, and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in women, but it was only correlated with fasting glucose and HOMA-IR in men. After adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) of having metabolic syndrome increased with the selenium quartile groups (p for trend: <0.05), especially in women. The study demonstrated that the serum selenium levels were positively associated with metabolic syndrome following a non-linear dose⁻response trend. Selenium concentration was positively associated with insulin resistance in men and women, but it was associated with adiposity and lipid metabolism in women. The mechanism behind this warrants further confirmation.
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MALAT1 as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target in Diabetes-Related Complications: A Promising Long-Noncoding RNA.
Abdulle, LE, Hao, JL, Pant, OP, Liu, XF, Zhou, DD, Gao, Y, Suwal, A, Lu, CW
International journal of medical sciences. 2019;(4):548-555
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a global issue with increasing incidence rate worldwide. In an uncontrolled case, it can advance to various organ-related complications leading to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) appears to be a fairly novel lncRNA that is relevant to diabetes and its role in diabetic-related diseases initiation and progression have long been a subject of attention to many scholars. The expression of MALAT1 is elevated in different diabetic-related diseases. In this review, we demonstrate the various functions of MALAT1 in the different diabetes-related complications including ischemic reperfusion injury, retinopathy, cataract, atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathy, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, gastroparesis, kidney disease, and gestational diabetes. The emerging evidence showed that the role of MALAT1 in diabetic-related complications is both pro-inflammatory and apoptosis in different cell types. These results concluded that MALAT1 is a potential diagnostic and future targeted therapy for diabetes-associated complications.
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Which Combination Treatment Is Better for Spinal Metastasis: Percutaneous Vertebroplasty With Radiofrequency Ablation, 125I Seed, Zoledronic Acid, or Radiotherapy?
Lu, CW, Shao, J, Wu, YG, Wang, C, Wu, JH, Lv, RX, Ding, MC, Shi, ZC, Mao, NF
American journal of therapeutics. 2019;(1):e38-e44
Abstract
BACKGROUND Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) can not only alleviate pain but also restore mechanical stability with injection of bone cement, whereas it exhibits a poor effect on antitumor activity. But through combinations with other therapies, it may be possible to achieve the maximum effect in clinical treatment. Thus, this study is designed to assess the clinical efficacy of PVP separately combined with 4 ways for spinal metastasis (SM) treatment. STUDY QUESTION Which combination treatment is better for spinal metastasis, percutaneous vertebroplasty with radiofrequency ablation, I seed, zoledronic acid or radiotherapy? STUDY DESIGN A total of 169 patients with SM were retrospectively recruited and randomly assigned to 4 groups to receive 4 different ways separately: 49 patients (group A) received PVP plus I seed, 51 (group B) received PVP plus radiofrequency ablation (RFA), 38 (group C) underwent PVP plus zoledronic acid (ZA), and 31 (group D) underwent PVP plus radiotherapy (RT). MEASURES AND OUTCOMES All of them underwent routine examinations before operation. Visual analog scale (VAS), World Health Organization (WHO) Pain Relief, and ODI were applied to evaluate pain relief and motor function. RESULTS PVP plus RT achieved the best efficacy in relieving pains, with the highest WHO Pain Relief (P < 0.05). The PVP plus RFA exhibited lowest ODI, suggesting the best outcome after treatment (P < 0.05). The PVP plus I showed the lowest VAS score, but it was the worst to improve the routine exercise ability and relieve pains from patients. The PVP plus ZA presented higher VAS and ODI (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS PVP combined with I seed exhibited the best clinical efficacy in terms of VAS, PVP combined with RT was the best choice in terms of WHO Pain Relief, and PVP combined with RFA showed the best effect in terms of ODI for the treatment of SM.
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Circular RNAs: Novel Promising Biomarkers in Ocular Diseases.
Guo, N, Liu, XF, Pant, OP, Zhou, DD, Hao, JL, Lu, CW
International journal of medical sciences. 2019;(4):513-518
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous non-coding RNAs produced by back-splicing. They are found to be expressed in eukaryotic cells and play certain roles in various cellular functions, including fibrosis, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. Dysregulated circRNAs are found in several human disorders including, malignancy, vascular, inflammatory as well as nervous diseases. Although, increasing evidence suggests that circRNAs may also contribute in different ocular diseases, the outline of circRNAs in ocular diseases remains obscure. In this review we consider the current state of knowledge regarding the potential role and underlying mechanism of circRNAs in ocular diseases including pterygium, age-related cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, retinoblastoma, retinal vascular dysfunction and hyperhomocysteinemia induced ocular diseases, emphasizing that circRNAs could be promising biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Future circRNAs-targeted intervention may become a novel therapeutic tool for the treatment of ocular diseases.
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Multicentre, placebo-controlled trial of lorcaserin for weight management in Chinese population.
Lu, CW, Chang, CJ, Yang, YC, Lin, WY, Huang, KC
Obesity research & clinical practice. 2018;(5):465-471
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lorcaserin on body weight, cardiovascular risk factors, and safety in obese patients in Taiwan. METHODS In this double-blind, randomised controlled trial, 171 obese adults were assigned to receive lorcaserin at a dose of 10mg, or placebo, twice a day for 24weeks. Diet and exercise counselling were given to all patients through the treatment period. Primary outcomes were proportion of patients achieving at least 5% and 10% reduction in body weight and mean change in body weight. Safety and tolerability endpoints such as Beck Depression Inventory-II, blood biochemistry, vital signs, and electrocardiogram were monitored. RESULTS More patients receiving lorcaserin lost at least 5% body weight than receiving placebo (52.4% and 28.1%, P=0.001) with an average weight reduction of 5.8kg (95% CI: -6.91, -4.70) in lorcaserin group and those of 3.6kg (95% CI: -4.95, -2.33) in placebo group (P<0.05). The most common adverse effect with greater incidence in the lorcaserin group was self-limited dizziness. Serious adverse effect were rare and was reported by slightly more patients taking placebo than lorcaserin. CONCLUSIONS In this multicentre, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial, lorcaserin was effective and well-tolerable in Asia group.
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10.
Curcumin, A Potential Therapeutic Candidate for Anterior Segment Eye Diseases: A Review.
Liu, XF, Hao, JL, Xie, T, Mukhtar, NJ, Zhang, W, Malik, TH, Lu, CW, Zhou, DD
Frontiers in pharmacology. 2017;:66
Abstract
Curcumin, the major curcuminoid of the turmeric, has been extensively used in many countries since ancient time for preventing and/or treating a multitude of diseases. This review is to illustrate the researches on the properties of curcumin and its potential therapeutic efficacy in major anterior segment eye diseases. The bio-medical potential of curcumin is restricted because of its low solubility and digestive bioavailability. This review will discuss promising research in improving curcumin bioavailability through structural modification. In vitro and in vivo research made progress in studying the beneficial effects of curcumin on major anterior segment eye diseases, including anti-angiogenesis effect in corneal diseases; anti-inflammation or anti-allergy effects in dry eye disease, conjunctivitis, anterior uveitis; anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects in pterygium; anti-oxidative stress, anti-osmotic stress, anti-lipid peroxidation, pro-apoptosis, regulating calcium homeostasis, sequestrating free radicals, protein modification and degradation effects in cataracts; neuroprotective effects in glaucoma. Curcumin exhibited to be a potent therapeutic candidate for treating those anterior segment eye diseases.